Probe & Preset Selector + Artifact Trainer
Two interactive teaching tools. Tool A recommends the transducer, frequency, preset, depth/focus and Doppler settings for a chosen exam, with the one-line physics rationale (frequency vs penetration trade-off). Tool B is a self-scoring “name that artifact” trainer that reveals the physics cause, how to reduce it, and whether it is a useful sign.
Educational only. Probe, frequency and preset suggestions are generic starting points — always follow your local protocol and your machine’s own presets. Frequency ranges vary by vendor and specific transducer model; broadband probes span a range and auto-optimise. Not a substitute for supervised training.
References
- Kremkau FW. Sonography: Principles and Instruments. 10th ed. Elsevier, 2020 (transducer types, frequency/resolution/penetration, artifacts). elsevier.com
- Hangiandreou NJ. AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial: topics in US — B-mode US basic concepts and new technology. RadioGraphics 2003;23:1019–1033. doi:10.1148/rg.234035034
- FUJIFILM Sonosite. Understanding the basics of POCUS probe types (linear, curvilinear, phased, endocavity). sonosite.com
- AIUM Practice Parameters for the Performance of Ultrasound Examinations (abdomen, obstetric, thyroid/small parts, scrotum, vascular, echocardiography). aium.org
- Feldman MK, Katyal S, Blackwood MS. US artifacts. RadioGraphics 2009;29:1179–1189. doi:10.1148/rg.294085199
- Rubaltelli L et al. / Baad M et al. Clinical significance of US artifacts. AJR 2017;208:520–531. ajronline.org
- Rahmani R et al. Ultrasound artifacts — a pictorial review. Ultrasound Q / RSNA teaching files. radiopaedia.org
- Rubin JM et al. Color Doppler “twinkling” artifact behind stones and calcifications. Radiology 1996;199:269–271. doi:10.1148/radiology.199.1.8633158
- Connolly SA et al. / Fornage BD. Anisotropy in tendon and nerve ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med. radiologykey.com (MSK artifacts)
- Lichtenstein DA et al. The comet-tail artifact: an ultrasound sign of alveolar-interstitial syndrome (B-lines / lung US). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1640–1646. pubmed 9372688
- Volpicelli G et al. International evidence-based recommendations for point-of-care lung ultrasound (B-lines). Intensive Care Med 2012;38:577–591. pubmed 22392031
- Ziskin MC et al. The comet tail artifact. J Ultrasound Med 1982;1:1–7. pubmed 6152941
- Scanlan KA. Sonographic artifacts and their origins. AJR 1991;156:1267–1272. ajronline.org
- Hindi A, Peterson C, Barr RG. Artifacts in diagnostic ultrasound. Rep Med Imaging 2013;6:29–48 (mirror image, side lobe, range ambiguity, speed displacement, beam width). dovepress.com
- POCUS 101. Basic principles of ultrasound physics and artifacts. pocus101.com
- Nielsen MB, Cosgrove D, Sidhu PS et al. Aliasing and pulse repetition frequency in Doppler ultrasound (EFSUMB guidance). Ultraschall Med. efsumb.org